Incidence, Predisposing Factors, and Outcomes of Periprocedural Myocardial Infarction in Elective Patients Undergoing Coronary Intervention

Abstract

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the incidence, clinical characteristics, and outcomes associated with periprocedural myocardial infarction (PMI) following elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methodology: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 120 patients who underwent elective PCI between January 2023 and December 2023. Data encompassed patient demographics, procedural specifics, and post-procedural outcomes, including PMI occurrence defined by elevated cardiac troponin levels exceeding the 99th percentile upper reference limit. Statistical analyses included logistic regression to evaluate the association of various predictors with PMI incidence.

Results: The PMI incidence in our cohort stood at 2.5%. Significant predictors of PMI encompassed older age, male gender, higher lesion complexity, and the utilization of bare-metal stents. Patients experiencing PMI exhibited a substantially higher rate of subsequent major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) within six months post-procedure (33% vs. 4.27%, p = 0.045).

Conclusion: PMI persists as a notable complication of elective PCI, intricately linked to adverse long-term cardiovascular outcomes. These findings underscore the imperative for meticulous patient and procedural selection to mitigate PMI risk. Given PMI's substantial implications for patient prognosis, future research should concentrate on refining risk assessment tools and crafting targeted interventions to reduce PMI incidence and enhance overall patient outcomes.