ACTIVE CYCLE OF BREATHING TECHNIQUES IMPROVES POST-OPERATIVE PULMONARY COMPLICATIONS IN CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT SURGERY PATIENTS

Abstract

Objectives: To determine effects of active cycle breathing technique (ACBT) on pulmonary function of post coronary artery bypass Graft surgery (CABG) patients.

Methodology: A randomized control trial was conducted with a sample size of 40 post CABG patients from September 2018 to January 2020. Vitally stable both male and female post CABG Consecutive patients of age bracket 30-65 years were included in study. Two groups were made by randomization through sealed envelope method. Patients in ACBT group (n=20) did ACBT whereas control group (n=20) performed deep breathing exercises along with conventional treatment. Lung volumes & capacities, vitals (heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation and blood pressure) and chest expansion were assessed at baseline and on fifth post-operative day. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21.

Results: Out of all the 40 patients 26 (65%) were males and 14 (35%) were females with the mean age of 53±7.9 years in conventional and 56±5.9 years in group performing ACBTs. There was significant improvement in Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1) and chest expansion (p≤0.05) of ACBT group. However, within group analysis revealed significant improvement in all parameters of both groups (p<0.01).

Conclusion: Active cycle breathing technique has beneficial effects in improving FEV1 and chest expansion as compared to traditional physical therapy in post CABG patients during phase I of cardiac rehabilitation.